什么是“非单一吸附工艺”呢？譬如：活性炭/沸石分子筛吸附+光氧/等离子/生物法/电化学等。

　　What is' non single adsorption process'? For example, activated carbon/zeolite molecular sieve adsorption+photo oxidation/plasma/biological method/electrochemistry, etc.

　　其实“单一吸附工艺”并不是一个上不了台面“差等生”，相反，单一吸附工艺是VOCs治理行业最主要的技术，没有之一。吸收法、微生物分解、直接燃烧法、电化学、UV光氧/等离子等等在VOCs治理行业的占比都极小。

　　In fact, the 'single adsorption process' is not a' inferior product 'that cannot be put on the table. On the contrary, the single adsorption process is the most important technology in the VOCs treatment industry, and there is no such thing as it. The proportion of absorption method, microbial decomposition, direct combustion method, electrochemistry, UV photo oxygen/plasma and other methods in the VOCs treatment industry is extremely small.

　　沸石转轮+RTO也属于单一吸附工艺，也是一级吸附。废气经过沸石转轮的吸附区吸附净化之后，直接排入了烟囱，废气净化效率全靠沸石转轮吸附区的吸附能力。活性炭/沸石固定床吸附脱附+冷凝回收/CO也属于单一吸附工艺，也是一级吸附。废气经过固定床的吸附净化之后，直接排入了烟囱，废气净化效率全靠固定床的吸附能力。

　　Zeolite wheel+RTO also belongs to a single adsorption process and is also a primary adsorption. After being adsorbed and purified in the adsorption zone of the zeolite wheel, the exhaust gas is directly discharged into the chimney, and the purification efficiency of the exhaust gas depends entirely on the adsorption capacity of the zeolite wheel adsorption zone. Activated carbon/zeolite fixed bed adsorption desorption+condensation recovery/CO also belongs to a single adsorption process and is a primary adsorption. After being adsorbed and purified by a fixed bed, the exhaust gas is directly discharged into the chimney, and the purification efficiency of the exhaust gas depends entirely on the adsorption capacity of the fixed bed.

　　沸石转轮和固定床的主要区别在于：①吸附容量不同，②脱附频率不同。沸石转轮平均15min脱附一次（2-6转/h），固定床一般3-7天脱附一次。为了方便计算，取5天一次，固定床每天有效吸附时间5h，相当于有效吸附25小时脱附一次。沸石转轮在25个小时内脱附的次数:25×4=100。

　　The main differences between zeolite turntables and fixed beds are: ① different adsorption capacities, ② different desorption frequencies. Zeolite wheels typically desorb once every 15 minutes (2-6 revolutions per hour), while fixed beds typically desorb once every 3-7 days. For the convenience of calculation, assuming once every 5 days, the fixed bed has an effective adsorption time of 5 hours per day, which is equivalent to desorption every 25 hours of effective adsorption. The number of times the zeolite wheel desorbs within 25 hours is 100 (25 × 4=100).

　　两者对比，固定床的吸附材料装填量应该是沸石转轮吸附材料重量的100倍！“15min一次的高频率高温脱附工艺”是沸石转轮的核心优势和制胜法宝！事物都是有两面性，当入口废气浓度长期连续稳定在150mg/m?左右时，沸石转轮+RTO几乎可以在很低能耗下自持燃烧，发挥它的优势。当入口废气浓度长期低于80mg/m?，并且排放时间不连续的情况下，“高频脱附”就变成了沸石转轮的缺点，废气量不足就得靠天然气去弥补。

　　Comparing the two, the loading amount of adsorbent material in a fixed bed should be 100 times the weight of the zeolite rotary adsorbent material! The high-frequency and high-temperature desorption process that occurs every 15 minutes is the core advantage and winning weapon of zeolite rotors! Everything has two sides. When the inlet exhaust gas concentration remains stable at around 150mg/m ? for a long time, the zeolite wheel+RTO can almost sustain combustion at very low energy consumption, exerting its advantages. When the inlet exhaust gas concentration is consistently below 80mg/m ? and the emission time is discontinuous, "high-frequency desorption" becomes a disadvantage of zeolite rotors, and the insufficient exhaust gas volume must be compensated by natural gas.

　　沸石转轮需要时刻保持一个“空杯状态”，你不知道废气什么会来，即使是废气入口处安装了浓度检测仪，系统预热时间也来不及的。15m/s的气体流速，穿过整个转轮仅需要眨眼的功夫。除非你的喷漆工人能忍受每次喷漆前等待半个小时。沸石转轮不存在间歇性“只吸不脱”的待机状态，转轮冷却区还有预热废气的功能，换热器升温也没有那么快，RTO也适应不了“猛起猛停”、“即开即用”的节奏。如果间歇性模式成功了，那么沸石转轮不就变成固定床了吗？还转什么转！尺有所短，寸有所长。--?战国 楚 屈原《卜居》比喻事物各有短处，并非在所有情况下都适用。公元前293年古人总结的智慧，今人还在搞“一刀切”和“盲目崇拜”。环保人要尽快提升自身的批判性思维能力，才能正确应对各种错综复杂的废气治理工况。很多企业为了获取秋冬季节正常生产的资格，去评绩效A级或引领性企业，不得不去安装“先进的设备”--沸石转轮+RTO。RTO设备如果使用的不当，不仅能耗高，而且维护成本高，维修技术难度大。

　　The zeolite wheel needs to maintain an "empty cup state" at all times, and you don't know what exhaust gas will come from. Even if a concentration detector is installed at the exhaust gas inlet, the system preheating time is too late. A gas flow rate of 15m/s can pass through the entire wheel in just the blink of an eye. Unless your spray painter can tolerate waiting for half an hour before each spray painting. The zeolite wheel does not have an intermittent standby state of "only suction and not detachment", and the cooling zone of the wheel also has the function of preheating exhaust gas. The heat exchanger does not heat up so quickly, and the RTO cannot adapt to the rhythm of "sudden start and stop" and "start and use". If the intermittent mode is successful, won't the zeolite wheel become a fixed bed? What else are you spinning! Every inch has its own strengths and weaknesses. --Chu Qu Yuan's "Bu Ju" during the Warring States period metaphorically states that things have their own shortcomings, and it is not applicable in all situations. The wisdom summarized by ancient people in 293 BC is still practiced today as a one size fits all approach and blind worship. Environmentalists need to improve their critical thinking skills as soon as possible in order to correctly respond to various complex waste gas treatment conditions. Many companies, in order to obtain the qualification for normal production in autumn and winter, have to install "advanced equipment" - zeolite wheel+RTO to evaluate their performance as A-level or leading enterprises. If RTO equipment is used improperly, it not only consumes high energy, but also has high maintenance costs and difficult repair techniques.

　　调研对象主要以医药化工企业为主,调研对象废气成分为VOCs。化工行业24套、医药行业12套、其他行业3套，共计39套。在调研的企业中,部分RTO出口浓度数据未知（说明这29家都没有安装在线监测设备）,因此选取了10套数据完整的RTO对比其热效率和净化效率。RTO的热效率均能维持在93%以上,净化效率大部分超过95%,其中案例9、案例10由于RTO运行年限长,腐蚀问题严重,企业没有进行很好的维护,净化效率下降。RTO在处理医药化工有机废气具有良好的应用前景,但医药化工行业VOCs具有排放点分散、种类繁多、间歇排放等显著特点。

　　The research subjects are mainly pharmaceutical and chemical enterprises, and the waste gas components of the research subjects are VOCs. 24 sets in the chemical industry, 12 sets in the pharmaceutical industry, and 3 sets in other industries, totaling 39 sets. Among the surveyed companies, some RTO export concentration data are unknown (indicating that these 29 companies have not installed online monitoring equipment), so 10 sets of RTOs with complete data were selected to compare their thermal efficiency and purification efficiency. The thermal efficiency of RTO can be maintained at over 93%, and the purification efficiency mostly exceeds 95%. Among them, cases 9 and 10 have a long operating life and serious corrosion problems due to poor maintenance by the enterprise, resulting in a decrease in purification efficiency. RTO has good application prospects in treating organic waste gases in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, but VOCs in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry have significant characteristics such as dispersed emission points, diverse types, and intermittent emissions.

　　因此，在应用RTO的过程中也会存在一些问题,尤其在调研过程中发现医药化工行业的阻塞问题非常严重,本次调研的39套RTO中16套存在阻塞问题。在对调研结果进行整理后,医药行业RTO应用过程中发生的问题见表1。由表1可知,医药化工行业的大多数问题是由于废气组分中特定物质浓度过高导致，目前没有良好的应对措施,只能通过加强预处理或在收集前对废气进行分别处置。

　　Therefore, there may also be some problems in the application of RTO, especially during the research process, it was found that the blockage problem in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry is very serious. Among the 39 sets of RTO surveyed in this study, 16 sets have blockage problems. After organizing the research results, the problems that occurred during the application of RTO in the pharmaceutical industry are shown in Table 1. According to Table 1, most of the problems in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry are caused by the high concentration of specific substances in the exhaust gas components. Currently, there are no effective measures to address this issue, and the only solution is to strengthen pre-treatment or dispose of the exhaust gas separately before collection.

　　固定床吸附脱附+CO技术，也有自己的优缺点和适用工况。固定床吸附脱附+CO技术最大的优势在于其能把间歇性生产过程中产生的低浓度废气收集起来，即开即用，定期低温脱附。尤其适用于7-15天都吸附不饱和的工况，然后用1-3天的时间来脱附，边吸边脱（在线脱附）。固定床吸附脱附+CO技术最大的缺点在于其吸附材料的装填量是沸石转轮的100多倍。当风量大于20万/m?时，过大的装填量会增加企业吸附材料的更换费用和危废处置费用，并且当固定吸附床数量过多时，1台CO炉有可能脱附不过来。吸附材料数量越多，吸附床的均风处理难度就越大，不患寡而患不均，装填数量越多，偷懒的吸附材料就越多。

　　The fixed bed adsorption desorption+CO technology also has its own advantages, disadvantages, and applicable working conditions. The biggest advantage of fixed bed adsorption desorption+CO technology is that it can collect low concentration waste gas generated during intermittent production processes, which can be used immediately and periodically desorbed at low temperatures. Especially suitable for working conditions where adsorption is unsaturated for 7-15 days, followed by 1-3 days for desorption, with simultaneous adsorption and desorption (online desorption). The biggest drawback of fixed bed adsorption desorption+CO technology is that its adsorption material loading is more than 100 times that of zeolite wheels. When the air volume exceeds 200000 m ?, excessive loading will increase the cost of replacing adsorption materials and hazardous waste disposal for the enterprise. Moreover, when there are too many fixed adsorption beds, one CO furnace may not be able to desorb. The more adsorbent materials there are, the more difficult it is to achieve uniform air treatment in the adsorption bed. There is no shortage but unevenness, and the more adsorbent materials are loaded, the more lazy the adsorbent materials will be.

　　第二大缺点在于固定吸附床仅适合处理低浓度废气，最好是废气入口浓度低于150mg/m?。如果废气入口浓度过高，CO炉就需要连续运行，这样的话，CO炉节能的优势就没有发挥出来。既然要连续运行，那么干脆上沸石转轮+CO吧。目前一线的蜂窝活性炭厂家建议1万风量装填2m?蜂窝活性炭，装填8层。柱状活性炭的装填量更大，风阻更高，克服吸附床1500Pa的阻力消耗的电能也是一个巨大的浪费。蜂窝沸石厂家提供的数据更是吓人，1m?蜂窝沸石动态吸附二甲苯的重量不足8kg，仅仅相当于自身重量的1.5~2%。因地制宜，对症下药，是一名合格的、负责任的环保工程师必备的技能。“运筹帷幄之中，决胜千里之外”，项目前期先进的环保技术方案的选择尤其重要，假如您的企业VOCs环保设备投资在100万以上，就非常需要一份量身定制的专业性的方案。

　　The second major drawback is that fixed adsorption beds are only suitable for treating low concentration exhaust gases, preferably with an inlet concentration of less than 150mg/m ?. If the concentration of exhaust gas at the inlet is too high, the CO furnace needs to operate continuously, and the energy-saving advantages of the CO furnace will not be fully utilized. Since we want to run continuously, why don't we just use a zeolite wheel and CO. At present, first-line honeycomb activated carbon manufacturers recommend filling 2m ? of honeycomb activated carbon with 8 layers at a wind volume of 10000. The loading capacity of columnar activated carbon is larger, and the wind resistance is higher. Overcoming the 1500Pa resistance of the adsorption bed consumes a huge amount of electricity, which is also a huge waste. The data provided by the manufacturer of honeycomb zeolite is even more alarming. The weight of 1m ? honeycomb zeolite dynamically adsorbing xylene is less than 8kg, which is only 1.5~2% of its own weight. Adapting measures to local conditions and prescribing targeted solutions are essential skills for a qualified and responsible environmental engineer. The selection of advanced environmental protection technology solutions in the early stages of a project is particularly important, as' victory can be achieved from a thousand miles away through strategic planning '. If your enterprise invests more than 1 million yuan in VOCs environmental protection equipment, it is in great need of a tailored and professional solution.

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