01汽保行业危废暂存库相关标准规范

　　What are the relevant standards and specifications for hazardous waste temporary storage warehouses in the automotive maintenance industry

　　（1）危险废物贮存间的建设标准执行----《危险废物贮存污染控制标准》（GB18597-2023）。（2）危废收集、贮存涉及的规范----《危险废物收集贮存运输技术规范》（HJ2025-2012）。（3）涉及危险废物的环评内容评价指南----《建设项目危险废物环境影响评价指南》02建设要求(1)贮存库是用于贮存一种或多种类别、形态危险废物的仓库式贮存设施。贮存库污染控制要求：①贮存库内不同贮存分区之间应采取隔离措施，隔离措施可根据危险废物特性采用过道、隔板或隔墙等方式；②在贮存库内或通过贮存分区方式贮存液态危险废物的，应具有液体泄漏堵截设施，堵截设施最小容积不应低于对应贮存区域最大液态废物容器容积或液态废物总储量1/10(二者取较大者)；用于贮存可能产生渗滤液的危险废物的贮存库或贮存分区应设计渗滤液收集设施，收集设施容积应满足渗滤液的收集要求；③贮存易产生粉尘、挥发性有机物(VOCs)、酸雾、有毒有害大气污染物和刺激性气味气体的危险废物贮存库，应设置气体收集装置和气体净化设施，排气筒高度应符合《大气污染物综合排放标准》(GB16297-1996)要求。(2)贮存场是用于贮存不易产生粉尘、挥发性有机物(VOCs)、酸雾、有毒有害大气污染物和刺激性气味气体的大宗危险废物的，具有顶棚(盖)的半开放式贮存设施。贮存场污染控制要求：①贮存场应设置径流疏导系统，保证能防止当地重现期不小于25年的暴雨流入贮存区域，并采取措施防止雨水冲淋危险废物，避免增加渗滤液量；②贮存场可整体或分区设计液体导流和收集设施，收集设施容积应保证在最不利条件下可以容纳对应贮存区域产生的渗滤液、废水等液态物质；③贮存场应采取防止危险废物扬散、流失的措施；④贮存的危险废物直接接触地面的，还应进行基础防渗，防渗层为至少1m厚黏土层(渗透系数不大于10-7cm/s)，或至少2mm厚高密度聚乙烯膜等人工防渗材料(渗透系数不大于10-10cm/s)，或其他防渗性能等效的材料。(3)贮存池是用于贮存单一类别液态或半固态危险废物的，位于室内或具有顶棚(盖)的池体贮存设施。贮存池污染控制要求：①贮存池防渗层应覆盖整个池体并对池体进行基础防渗；②贮存池应采取措施防止雨水、地面径流等进入，保证能防止当地重现期不小于25年的暴雨流入贮存池内；③贮存池应采取措施减少大气污染物的无组织排放。(4)贮存罐区是用于贮存液态危险废物的，由一个或多个罐体及其相关的辅助设备和防护系统构成的固定式贮存设施。贮存罐区污染控制要求：①贮存罐区罐体应设置在围堰内，围堰应保证能满足防渗、防腐性能要求；②贮存罐区围堰容积应至少满足其内部最大贮存罐发生意外泄漏时所需要的危险废物收集容积要求；③贮存罐区围堰内收集的废液、废水和初期雨水应及时处理，不应直接排放。(5)贮存点是《危险废物管理计划和管理台账制定技术导则》(HJ1259-2022)规定的纳入危险废物登记管理单位的，用于同一生产经营场所专门贮存危险废物的场所;或产生危险废物的单位设置于生产线附近，用于暂时贮存以便于中转其产生的危险废物的场所。贮存点环境管理要求：①贮存点应具有固定的区域边界，并应采取与其他区域进行隔离的措施；②贮存点应采取防风、防雨、防晒和防止危险废物流失、扬散等措施；③贮存点贮存的危险废物应置于容器或包装物中，不应直接散堆；④贮存点应根据危险废物的形态、物理化学性质、包装形式等，采取防渗、防漏等污染防治措施或采用具有相应功能的装置；⑤贮存点应及时清运贮存的危险废物，实时贮存量不应超过3吨。03贮存设施管理（1）贮存场所地面须硬化处理，用以存放装载液体、半固体危险废物容器的地方，必须有耐腐蚀的硬化地面，并涂至少2mm密度高的环氧树脂，且表面无裂隙。（2）存放固态半固态物料可设置收料托盘，用于收集泄漏物料。（3）仓库内应设置防泄漏收集导流沟渠，导流沟连接至收集池内。（4）仓库内应设置防泄漏收集池，收集池容积不低于最大容器的最大量或储量的五分之一。（5）危险废物仓库内及出入口处需设置监控系统。（6）危险废物仓库内应设置安全照明，灯具，线路设施，设置需满足防爆要求。（7）按照规范要求张贴或悬挂危废二维码标签。

　　(1) The construction standards for hazardous waste storage rooms shall comply with the "Pollution Control Standards for Hazardous Waste Storage" (GB18597-2023). (2) The regulations involved in the collection, storage, and transportation of hazardous waste - Technical Specifications for the Collection, Storage, and Transportation of Hazardous Waste (HJ2025-2012). (3) Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Hazardous Waste Involving Hazardous Waste - "Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Hazardous Waste in Construction Projects" 02 Construction Requirements (1) Storage facilities are warehouse style storage facilities used to store one or more types and forms of hazardous waste. Requirements for pollution control in storage facilities: ① Isolation measures should be taken between different storage zones in the storage facility. Isolation measures can be implemented through corridors, partitions, or walls based on the characteristics of hazardous waste; ② If liquid hazardous waste is stored in a storage warehouse or through storage zoning, liquid leakage blocking facilities should be installed. The minimum volume of the blocking facilities should not be less than the maximum liquid waste container volume or 1/10 of the total liquid waste storage capacity in the corresponding storage area (whichever is larger); Storage facilities or zones for hazardous waste that may generate leachate should be designed with leachate collection facilities, and the volume of the collection facilities should meet the requirements for leachate collection; ③ Dangerous waste storage facilities that are prone to generating dust, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), acid mist, toxic and harmful air pollutants, and irritating odor gases should be equipped with gas collection devices and gas purification facilities. The height of the exhaust pipe should comply with the requirements of the Comprehensive Emission Standards for Air Pollutants (GB16297-1996). (2) Storage yard is a semi open storage facility with a roof (cover) used to store bulk hazardous waste that is not prone to generating dust, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), acid mist, toxic and harmful air pollutants, and irritating odor gases. Requirements for pollution control of the storage site: ① The storage site shall be equipped with a runoff diversion system to ensure that the local rainstorm with a return period of not less than 25 years can be prevented from flowing into the storage area, and measures shall be taken to prevent rainwater from washing hazardous waste and increasing the amount of leachate; ② The storage area can be designed with liquid diversion and collection facilities as a whole or in zones, and the volume of the collection facilities should ensure that they can accommodate liquid substances such as leachate and wastewater generated in the corresponding storage area under the most unfavorable conditions; ③ The storage site should take measures to prevent the dispersion and loss of hazardous waste; ④ For hazardous waste stored in direct contact with the ground, basic anti-seepage measures should also be taken. The anti-seepage layer should be at least 1m thick clay layer (permeability coefficient not greater than 10-7cm/s), or at least 2mm thick artificial anti-seepage materials such as high-density polyethylene film (permeability coefficient not greater than 10-10cm/s), or other materials with equivalent anti-seepage performance. (3) A storage tank is a tank storage facility located indoors or with a roof (cover) for storing a single category of liquid or semi-solid hazardous waste. Requirements for pollution control of storage tanks: ① The anti-seepage layer of the storage tank should cover the entire tank body and provide basic anti-seepage for the tank body; ② Measures shall be taken to prevent rainwater, surface runoff, etc. from entering the storage pool, so as to ensure that the local rainstorm with a return period of not less than 25 years can be prevented from flowing into the storage pool; ③ Measures should be taken to reduce unorganized emissions of atmospheric pollutants from storage tanks. (4) Storage tank area is a fixed storage facility for storing liquid hazardous waste, consisting of one or more tanks and their related auxiliary equipment and protective systems. Pollution control requirements for storage tank area: ① The tank bodies in the storage tank area should be placed inside a cofferdam, and the cofferdam should ensure that it can meet the requirements of anti-seepage and anti-corrosion performance; ② The cofferdam volume of the storage tank area should at least meet the hazardous waste collection volume requirements in case of accidental leakage of the largest storage tank inside; ③ The waste liquid, wastewater, and initial rainwater collected in the storage tank area cofferdam should be treated in a timely manner and should not be directly discharged. (5) Storage points are designated as hazardous waste registration and management units in accordance with the Technical Guidelines for the Development of Hazardous Waste Management Plans and Management Ledger (HJ1259-2022), and are used for the specialized storage of hazardous waste in the same production and operation site; Units that generate hazardous waste are located near the production line for temporary storage and transfer of the hazardous waste they produce. Requirements for environmental management of storage points: ① Storage points should have fixed area boundaries and measures should be taken to isolate them from other areas; ② Storage points should take measures to prevent wind, rain, sun, and hazardous waste from being lost or scattered; ③ Hazardous waste stored in storage points should be placed in containers or packaging materials and should not be directly scattered; ④ Storage points should adopt pollution prevention and control measures such as anti-seepage and leak prevention or use devices with corresponding functions according to the form, physical and chemical properties, packaging form, etc. of hazardous waste; ⑤ The storage point should promptly clear and transport the stored hazardous waste, and the real-time storage capacity should not exceed 3 tons. 03 Storage Facility Management (1) The ground of the storage site must be hardened. The place used to store containers of liquid and semi-solid hazardous waste must have a corrosion-resistant hardened ground and be coated with at least 2mm High density epoxy resin with no cracks on the surface. (2) Storage of solid and semi-solid materials can be equipped with a receiving tray for collecting leaked materials. (3) Anti leakage collection and diversion channels should be set up in the warehouse, and the diversion channels should be connected to the collection pool. (4) An anti leakage collection pool should be installed in the warehouse, with a capacity not less than one-fifth of the maximum capacity or storage capacity of the largest container. (5) A monitoring system should be installed inside the hazardous waste warehouse and at the entrances and exits. (6) Safety lighting, lamps, and wiring facilities should be installed in the hazardous waste warehouse to meet explosion-proof requirements. (7) Post or hang hazardous waste QR code labels in accordance with regulatory requirements.

　　（8）仓库内配备与环境事故风险相对应的应急物资。

　　(8) The warehouse is equipped with emergency supplies that correspond to the risk of environmental accidents.

　　（9）不同规格的空包装桶、容器放在卡板上，应堆叠整齐，用拉伸缠绕膜围紧实，贴上危废二维码标签。（10）建立危险废物贮存台账，并如实和规范记录危险废物贮存情况。04环保检查要点（1）危废贮存库手续

　　(9) Empty packaging drums and containers of different specifications should be stacked neatly on pallets, tightly wrapped with stretch wrap, and labeled with hazardous waste QR codes. (10) Establish a hazardous waste storage ledger and truthfully and standardly record the storage of hazardous waste. 04 Environmental Inspection Points (1) Hazardous Waste Storage Warehouse Procedures

　　根据生态环境部发布的《“十四五”全国危险废物规范化环境管理评估工作方案》，要求贮存设施依法进行环境影响评价，完成“三同时”验收。

　　According to the "14th Five Year Plan for National Standardized Environmental Management Assessment of Hazardous Waste" issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, storage facilities are required to conduct environmental impact assessments in accordance with the law and complete the "three simultaneous" acceptance.

　　因此，手续方面检查主要为环境影响评价文件对全部危险废物贮存设施进行了评价，且完成了“三同时”验收或在验收期限内。

　　Therefore, the inspection in terms of procedures mainly involves evaluating all hazardous waste storage facilities in the environmental impact assessment documents, and completing the "three simultaneous" acceptance or within the acceptance period.

　　这里说的环评手续指的是企业的环评文件对贮存设置进行了评价，并非一定要单独开展环评工作。

　　The environmental impact assessment procedures referred to here refer to the evaluation of storage settings in the enterprise's environmental impact assessment documents, and do not necessarily require separate environmental impact assessment work.

　　（2）危废库建设情况

　　(2) Construction status of hazardous waste storage facility

　　①是否采取防风、防晒、防雨、防漏、防渗、防腐等措施

　　① Have measures been taken to prevent wind, sun, rain, leakage, seepage, and corrosion

　　②危废库大小是否满足贮存需求

　　② Does the size of the hazardous waste warehouse meet the storage requirements

　　③是否建设贮存分区（只贮存一种危险废物的除外）

　　③ Whether to establish storage zones (excluding those that only store one type of hazardous waste)

　　④贮存库内地面、墙面裙脚、堵截泄漏的围堰、接触危险废物的隔板和墙体表面是否有裂缝

　　④ Whether there are cracks on the ground, wall skirts, cofferdams that block leaks, partitions that come into contact with hazardous waste, and wall surfaces inside the storage facility

　　⑤贮存设施地面与裙脚应采取表面防渗措施

　　⑤ Surface anti-seepage measures should be taken for the ground and skirt feet of storage facilities

　　⑥防渗、防腐材料是否覆盖所有可能与废物及其渗滤液、渗漏液等接触的构筑物表面⑦是否采取技术措施防止无关人员进入（比如门是否上锁）

　　⑥ Whether anti-seepage and anti-corrosion materials cover all surfaces of structures that may come into contact with waste, leachate, and other liquids. ⑦ Whether technical measures have been taken to prevent unrelated personnel from entering (such as whether doors are locked)

　　⑧贮存库不同分区是否采取隔离措施，如隔板、隔墙、过道等

　　⑧ Are isolation measures taken for different zones of the storage warehouse, such as partitions, walls, corridors, etc

　　⑨贮存业态废物的，是否设置液体泄漏液堵截设施（如围堰、防漏托盘等）

　　⑨ Is there a liquid leakage interception facility (such as cofferdams, leak proof trays, etc.) installed for storing waste in the industry

　　⑩贮存可能产生渗滤液的，是否设施渗滤液收集设施

　　⑩ Is there a facility for collecting leachate that may be generated during storage

　　贮存易产生粉尘、VOCs、酸雾、有毒有害大气污染物和刺激性气味气体的危险废物贮存库，是否设置气体收集装置和气体净化设施

　　Storage can easily generate dust VOCs、 Is the hazardous waste storage facility for acid mist, toxic and harmful air pollutants, and irritating odor gases equipped with gas collection devices and gas purification facilities

　　是否设置应急装备、物资和应急照明系统。

　　Have emergency equipment, supplies, and emergency lighting systems been installed.

　　（3）危废库管理

　　(3) Hazardous waste warehouse management

　　①不同种类危险废物是否进行分类贮存

　　① Are different types of hazardous waste classified and stored

　　②危险废物是否存在与不相容的物质或材料接触的情形

　　② Is there any situation where hazardous waste comes into contact with incompatible substances or materials

　　③贮存库门口是否设置贮存标签；贮存分区是否分别设置分区标签；危废包装物是否设置标签

　　③ Is there a storage label installed at the entrance of the storage warehouse; Is the storage partition labeled separately; Are hazardous waste packaging materials labeled

　　④贮存常温常压下易爆、易燃及排出有毒气体的危险废物是否进行了预处理

　　④ Has pre-treatment been carried out for storing hazardous waste that is explosive, flammable, and emits toxic gases at room temperature and pressure

　　⑤贮存废弃危险化学品的，是否满足危险化学品贮存有关要求

　　⑤ Does the storage of waste hazardous chemicals meet the relevant requirements for hazardous chemical storage

　　⑥贮存危险废物是否按规定设置容器或包装物（常温常压下不易水解、不易挥发的固态危险废物除外）

　　⑥ Is the storage of hazardous waste in containers or packaging materials in accordance with regulations (excluding solid hazardous waste that is not easily hydrolyzed or volatile at room temperature and pressure)

　　⑦贮存液态、半固态危废的容器，容器内部是否留有空间

　　⑦ Is there space inside the container for storing liquid and semi-solid hazardous waste

　　⑧容器和包装物外表是否清洁

　　⑧ Is the exterior of the container and packaging clean

　　⑨贮存易产生粉尘、VOCs、酸雾、有毒有害大气污染物和刺激性气味气体的危险废物是否装入闭口容器或包装物内。

　　⑨ Storage can easily generate dust VOCs、 Is the hazardous waste of acid mist, toxic and harmful air pollutants, and irritating odor gases contained in closed containers or packaging materials.

　　⑩危险废物贮存容器或包装物是否有破损

　　⑩ Is there any damage to the hazardous waste storage container or packaging

　　是否建立贮存设施环境管理制度、管理人员岗位职责制度、设施运行操作制度、人员岗位培训制度

　　Has a storage facility environmental management system, management personnel job responsibility system, facility operation system, and personnel job training system been established

　　是否建立危废台账

　　Has a hazardous waste ledger been established

　　纳入土壤和地下水重点管理单位的企业，是否针对贮存库建立土壤和地下水污染隐患排査制度

　　Has the enterprise included in the key management units for soil and groundwater established a soil and groundwater pollution hazard investigation system for storage facilities

　　贮存设施建设有关档案是否完整

　　Are the archives related to the construction of storage facilities complete

　　贮存设施污染排放是否满足相关排放标准

　　Does the pollution emission from storage facilities meet the relevant emission standards

　　贮存设施是否按照规定开展自行监测

　　Has the storage facility conducted self-monitoring in accordance with regulations

　　（4）危废重点监管单位的特别事项

　　(4) Special Matters for Key Hazardous Waste Supervision Units

　　①是否采用采用电子地磅、电子标签、电子管理台账信息化管理技术

　　① Whether to adopt electronic weighing scales, electronic tags, and electronic management ledger information management technology

　　②采用视频监控的，监控画面是否清晰，视频记录保存时间是否已满足3个月以上要求。

　　② For those using video surveillance, whether the monitoring image is clear and whether the video recording has been saved for more than 3 months.