近年来，随着人类活动的频繁，空气污染越来越越严重。研究表明，工业废气含有有机化合物、硫化物、氟化物等化学物质，这些物质严重危害人体健康，很大程度上增加呼吸道相关癌症的发病率。

　　In recent years, with the frequent human activities, air pollution has become increasingly severe. Research shows that industrial waste gas contains organic compounds, sulfides, fluorides and other chemicals, which seriously harm human health and greatly increase the incidence rate of respiratory tract related cancers.

　　苯类有机物损害人的中枢神经，造成神经系统障碍；多环芳烃有机物有强烈的致癌性，含硫化物的气体进入人体，主要损害中枢神经、呼吸系统，刺激黏膜；长期摄入含氟化物的气体，导致大脑功能损伤，影响细胞代谢和蛋白质的合成。接下来，给大家整理了十种废气处理的工艺，满满的干货，抓紧时间收藏吧。

　　Benzene organic compounds damage the central nervous system of humans, causing neurological disorders; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have strong carcinogenicity, and gases containing sulfides enter the human body, mainly damaging the central nervous system, respiratory system, and stimulating mucous membranes; Long term intake of gases containing fluoride can lead to brain function damage, affecting cellular metabolism and protein synthesis. Next, we have compiled ten exhaust gas treatment processes for everyone, filled with valuable knowledge. Hurry up and collect them.

　　治理废气的方法

　　Methods for treating exhaust gases

　　废气污染物种类繁多，特性各异，针对不同类型的废气，选择合适的处理方式。常用的处理方法有：冷凝法、吸收法、燃烧法、催化法、吸附法等。

　　There are various types of exhaust pollutants with different characteristics, and suitable treatment methods should be selected for different types of exhaust gases. Common processing methods include condensation, absorption, combustion, catalysis, adsorption, etc.

　　1冷凝回收法

　　1. Condensation recovery method

　　冷凝回收法是把废气直接导入冷凝器或先经吸附吸收后，解析的浓缩废气导入冷凝器，冷凝液经分离可回收有价值的有机物的一种方法。

　　The condensation recovery method is a method of directly introducing waste gas into a condenser or first absorbing and analyzing concentrated waste gas through adsorption, and then introducing it into the condenser. The condensed liquid can be separated to recover valuable organic compounds.

　　工艺流程图如下：优点：冷凝法主要用于高沸点和高浓度的VOC污染气体的回收,适用的浓度范围>5%（体积），其流程简单、回收率高。缺点：该法需要有附设的冷冻设备，投资大、能耗高、运行费用大，同时冷凝后尾气仍然含有一定浓度的有机物，二次污染严重，因此对低浓度尾气治理本法很少使用。2吸收法

　　The process flow chart is as follows: Advantages: The condensation method is mainly used for the recovery of high boiling point and high concentration VOC pollutants, with a suitable concentration range of>5% (volume). Its process is simple and the recovery rate is high. Disadvantages: This method requires attached refrigeration equipment, which is expensive, consumes high energy, and incurs high operating costs. At the same time, the condensed exhaust gas still contains a certain concentration of organic matter, causing serious secondary pollution. Therefore, this method is rarely used for the treatment of low concentration exhaust gas. 2 absorption method

　　吸收法可分为化学吸收及物理吸收，由于有机废气中含有大量的“三苯”气体，化学活性低，一般不能采用化学吸收。

　　The absorption method can be divided into chemical absorption and physical absorption. Due to the large amount of "triphenyl" gas in organic waste gas and low chemical activity, chemical absorption is generally not suitable.

　　物理吸收是废气中一种或几种组分溶解于选定的液体吸收剂中，这种吸收剂应具有与吸收组分有较高的亲和力，低挥发性，同时还应具有较小的挥发性，吸收液饱和后经加热解吸再冷却重新使用。常见工艺流程图如下：优点：适合于温度低、中高浓度的废气，能够有选择性地吸收硫化氢等废气，工艺流程简单，且不需外加蒸汽和外加其他热源。缺点：需配备加热解析冷凝等回收装置，装机体积大、投资较大，同时还存在二次污染，净化效果不理想。

　　Physical absorption refers to the dissolution of one or several components in exhaust gas into a selected liquid absorbent. This absorbent should have a high affinity for the absorbing components, low volatility, and low volatility. After saturation, the absorbing liquid should be heated, desorbed, cooled, and reused. The common process flow chart is as follows: Advantages: Suitable for low temperature, medium high concentration waste gas, able to selectively absorb hydrogen sulfide and other waste gas, simple process flow, and no need to add steam or other heat sources. Disadvantages: It requires heating, analysis, condensation and other recovery devices, with a large installation volume and high investment. At the same time, there is also secondary pollution, and the purification effect is not ideal.

　　3直接燃烧法

　　3 Direct combustion method

　　直接燃烧法是利用燃气或燃油等辅助燃料燃烧放出的热量将混合气体加热到一定温度(700～800℃)，驻留一定的时间(0.3～0.5秒)，使可燃的有害物质进行高温分解变为无害物质的一种方法。

　　The direct combustion method is a method of using the heat released by the combustion of auxiliary fuels such as gas or fuel to heat a mixture of gases to a certain temperature (700-800 ℃) and residence for a certain period of time (0.3-0.5 seconds), so that combustible harmful substances undergo high-temperature decomposition into harmless substances.

　　工艺流程图如下：优点：直接燃烧法工艺简单、设备投资小，适用高浓度、小风量的废气治理。缺点：能耗大，运行成本较高；运行技术要求高，不易控制与掌握，在国内基本未获推广。4热力燃烧法

　　The process flowchart is as follows: Advantages: The direct combustion method has a simple process, low equipment investment, and is suitable for the treatment of high concentration and low air volume exhaust gases. Disadvantages: High energy consumption and high operating costs; The operation technology requires high standards and is difficult to control and master, so it has not been widely promoted in China. 4 Thermal combustion method

　　热力燃烧是指把废气温度提高到可燃气态污染物的温度，使其进行全氧化分解的过程。工艺流程图如下：优点：适用于可燃有机物质含量较低的废气的净化处理，燃烧净化处理技术中热效率很高，设备使用寿命长，抗老化，耐腐蚀。缺点：设备较大，运输不便；设备价格高，运行成本高；对于含硫、卤素有机物废气处理效果较差。

　　Thermal combustion refers to the process of raising the temperature of exhaust gas to the temperature of combustible gaseous pollutants, causing them to undergo complete oxidation and decomposition. The process flow chart is as follows: advantages: it is applicable to the purification treatment of waste gas with low content of combustible organic substances. The combustion purification treatment technology has high thermal efficiency, long service life of equipment, anti-aging and corrosion resistance. Disadvantages: Large equipment and inconvenient transportation; High equipment prices and operating costs; The treatment effect of sulfur-containing and halogenated organic waste gas is poor.

　　5催化燃烧法

　　5 Catalytic combustion method

　　催化燃烧是在催化剂的作用下，将废气中的有害可燃组分完全氧化为二氧化碳和水的过程。工艺流程图如下：

　　Catalytic combustion is the process of completely oxidizing harmful combustible components in exhaust gas into carbon dioxide and water under the action of a catalyst. The process flowchart is as follows:

　　优点：催化燃烧器净化率高、工作温度低、能量消耗少、对可燃组分浓度和热值限制少，操作简便和安全性好。缺点：有的气体燃烧条件苛刻，需高温、高空和高水蒸气分压，因此催化剂必须具备较高的活性、高热稳定性和较高的水热稳定性，以及一定的抗中毒能力。6活性炭吸附法

　　Advantages: Catalytic burners have high purification rates, low operating temperatures, low energy consumption, minimal restrictions on the concentration and calorific value of combustible components, easy operation, and good safety. Disadvantages: Some gases have harsh combustion conditions, requiring high temperature, high altitude, and high water vapor partial pressure. Therefore, catalysts must have high activity, high thermal stability, high hydrothermal stability, and certain anti poisoning ability. 6 Activated carbon adsorption method

　　活性炭吸附是将有机废气由排气风机送人吸附床，有机废气在吸附床被活性炭吸附剂吸附而使气体得到净化，净化后的气体排向大气即完成净化过程。工艺流程图如下：优点：吸附率高，运行能耗低，费用成本低，安全可靠，适用于有爆炸的危险场所，吸附剂可以回收，节能环保。缺点：不耐高温，在湿润的条件下不能保持很好的吸附能力；易燃，较快达到饱和吸附而失去效用；产生二次固体或液体污染物。

　　Activated carbon adsorption is the process of sending organic waste gas from an exhaust fan into an adsorption bed. The organic waste gas is adsorbed by activated carbon adsorbent in the adsorption bed to purify the gas, and the purified gas is discharged into the atmosphere to complete the purification process. The process flowchart is as follows: Advantages: high adsorption rate, low operating energy consumption, low cost, safe and reliable, suitable for hazardous areas with explosions, adsorbent can be recycled, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Disadvantages: Not resistant to high temperatures, unable to maintain good adsorption capacity under humid conditions; Flammable, quickly reaching saturation adsorption and losing effectiveness; Generate secondary solid or liquid pollutants.

　　7生物法

　　7 Biological Methods

　　生物法是微生物将有机成分作为碳源和能源，并将其分解为CO2和H2O过程的一种方法。

　　Biological method is a process in which microorganisms use organic components as carbon and energy sources, and decompose them into CO2 and H2O.

　　工艺流程图如下：优点：设备简单、投资少、运行费用低、无二次污染，处理VOCs废气效果理想。缺点：反应装置占地面积大、反应时间较长。8等离子体分解法

　　The process flow chart is as follows: Advantages: simple equipment, low investment, low operating costs, no secondary pollution, ideal treatment effect for VOCs waste gas. Disadvantages: The reaction device takes up a large area and has a long reaction time. 8 Plasma decomposition method

　　等离子体分解法是在外加电场的作用下，介质放电产生的大量携能电子轰击污染物分子，引发了一系列复杂的物理、化学反应，从而使污染物得以降解去除的一种废气治理方法。

　　Plasma decomposition method is a waste gas treatment method in which a large number of energy carrying electrons generated by dielectric discharge under the action of an external electric field bombard pollutant molecules, triggering a series of complex physical and chemical reactions, thereby degrading and removing pollutants.

　　工艺流程图如下：优点：工艺简洁，低耗节能，设备材料抗氧化强，抗腐蚀，使用寿命长，能高效去除含有挥发性有机物、无机物、硫化氢、氨气等主要污染物的废气。缺点：等离子体技术在废弃物处理过程中，所要求的真空环境，带来了一定的技术难题，现在还是在处于研究阶段，目前很多研究只针对单一的污染物。

　　The process flow chart is as follows: Advantages: simple process, low energy consumption, strong oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of equipment materials, long service life, and efficient removal of waste gas containing volatile organic compounds, inorganic substances, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and other major pollutants. Disadvantage: Plasma technology poses certain technical challenges in the vacuum environment required for waste treatment, and is still in the research stage. Currently, many studies only focus on a single pollutant.

　　9UV紫外法

　　9UV method

　　UV紫外法是利用特制的高能高臭氧UV紫外线光束照射废气，改变废气的分子结构，使有机或无机高分子废气化合物分子链在高能紫外线光束照射下，降解转化成低分子化合物的方法。

　　UV method is a method of using a specially designed high-energy high ozone UV beam to irradiate exhaust gas, changing the molecular structure of the exhaust gas, and degrading the molecular chains of organic or inorganic polymer exhaust gas compounds into low molecular weight compounds under high-energy UV beam irradiation.

　　工艺流程图如下：优点：占地面积小，运行成本较低，设备投资较低。缺点：去除效率低，可处理的气体种类较少。10生物滴滤法

　　The process flowchart is as follows: Advantages: small footprint, low operating costs, and low equipment investment. Disadvantages: Low removal efficiency and limited types of gases that can be processed. 10 Biological drip filtration method

　　生物滴滤法是将废气经过去尘增湿或降温等预处理工艺后，从滤床底部由下向上穿过由滤料组成的滤床，废气由气相转移至水—微生物混和相，通过固着于滤料上的微生物代谢作用而被分解掉的一种方法。

　　Biological drip filtration is a method of decomposing waste gas by passing it through a filter bed composed of filter materials from bottom to top after undergoing pre-treatment processes such as dust removal, humidification, or cooling. The waste gas is transferred from the gas phase to the water microorganism mixed phase, and is decomposed through the metabolic action of microorganisms fixed on the filter materials.

　　工艺流程图如下：

　　The process flowchart is as follows:

　　优点：处理费用低，工艺流程简单，生态环保。缺点：占地面积大，填料需定期更换，过程不易控制，运行一段时间后容易出现问题，对疏水性和难生物降解物质的处理还存在较大难度。这十种废气治理方法，你了解了吗？

　　Advantages: Low processing cost, simple process flow, and eco-friendly. Disadvantages: Large footprint, regular replacement of fillers, difficult to control process, prone to problems after running for a period of time, and significant difficulty in handling hydrophobic and difficult to biodegrade substances. Do you know these ten methods for treating exhaust gas?

　　本文由 制药厂废气处理  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.tdyhhb.com/   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a pharmaceutical factory's waste gas treatment For more related knowledge, please click http://www.tdyhhb.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.