危险废物是指具有腐蚀性、毒性、易燃性、反应性或感染性等一种或几种危险特性的固体废物。如果管理不当，危险废物可能对生态环境和人体健康造成严重危害。危废暂存库正是危险废物在产生、收集、转运和非常终处置之间的“安全港湾”——一个按照严格标准建设和管理的临时贮存场所。

Hazardous waste refers to solid waste with one or more hazardous characteristics such as corrosiveness, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, or infectivity. If not managed properly, hazardous waste may cause serious harm to the ecological environment and human health. The hazardous waste temporary storage warehouse is a "safe harbor" between the generation, collection, transportation, and final disposal of hazardous waste - a temporary storage site built and managed according to strict standards.

危废暂存库的建设需严格遵循《危险废物贮存污染控制标准》（GB18597-2023）和《危险废物收集贮存运输技术规范》（HJ2025-2012）等法规要求。根据标准规定，贮存场所建议做到“防风、防晒、防雨、防漏、防渗、防腐”（“六防”）。地面须进行防腐、防渗处理，用以存放装载液体、半固体危险废物容器的地方，建议有耐腐蚀的硬化地面，并涂至少2mm厚的环氧树脂，且表面无裂隙。在贮存库内或通过贮存分区方式贮存液态危险废物的，应具有液体泄漏堵截设施。用于贮存可能产生渗滤液的危险废物的贮存库或贮存分区，应设计渗滤液收集设施。危险废物仓库内应设置安全照明，灯具、线路设施需满足防爆要求。同时，按照规范要求张贴或悬挂危废二维码标签。

The construction of hazardous waste temporary storage facilities must strictly comply with regulatory requirements such as the "Pollution Control Standards for Hazardous Waste Storage" (GB18597-2023) and the "Technical Specifications for Collection, Storage, and Transportation of Hazardous Waste" (HJ2025-2012). According to the standard regulations, the storage site must achieve "windproof, sun proof, rain proof, leak proof, anti-seepage, and anti-corrosion" ("six preventions"). The ground must be treated with anti-corrosion and anti-seepage measures. The place used to store containers of liquid and semi-solid hazardous waste must have a corrosion-resistant hardened ground, coated with at least 2mm thick epoxy resin, and have no cracks on the surface. Liquid hazardous waste stored in storage warehouses or through storage zoning should have liquid leak containment facilities. Storage facilities for leachate collection should be designed for storage warehouses or storage zones used to store hazardous waste that may generate leachate. Safety lighting should be installed in hazardous waste warehouses, and lighting fixtures and wiring facilities should meet explosion-proof requirements. At the same time, post or hang hazardous waste QR code labels in accordance with regulatory requirements.

在选址布局方面，危废暂存库应远离居民区、水源地等环境敏感区域。在结构设计方面，库房需采用实体墙结构，具备良好的通风条件和消防设施。在分类管理方面，不同类别的危险废物应分区存放，不相容的废物不得混存。新修订的《危险废物贮存污染控制标准》（GB 18597-2023）将贮存设施分为贮存库、贮存场、贮存池、贮存罐区四大类，并针对不同类型提出差异化管理要求。根据《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》的相关规定，产生危险废物的单位建议设立独立的、符合安全与环保要求的危险废物贮存设施。一个规范建设的危废暂存库，不仅能够确保危险废物的安全暂存，更是企业履行环保主体责任、防范环境风险的重要保障。

In terms of site selection and layout, hazardous waste temporary storage facilities should be located away from environmentally sensitive areas such as residential areas and water sources. In terms of structural design, the warehouse needs to adopt a solid wall structure with good ventilation conditions and fire-fighting facilities. In terms of classification management, hazardous waste of different categories should be stored in different zones, and incompatible waste should not be mixed. The newly revised "Pollution Control Standards for Hazardous Waste Storage" (GB 18597-2023) divides storage facilities into four categories: storage warehouses, storage yards, storage pools, and storage tank areas, and proposes differentiated management requirements for different types. According to the relevant provisions of the Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, units that generate hazardous waste must establish independent hazardous waste storage facilities that meet safety and environmental protection requirements. A standardized hazardous waste storage facility not only ensures the safe storage of hazardous waste, but also serves as an important guarantee for enterprises to fulfill their environmental responsibilities and prevent environmental risks.

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