医疗废品暂存间主要简介

　　Main introduction of medical waste temporary storage room

　　 危废暂存库

　　医疗废品暂存间是专门用于短期存放危险废物的规范化设施，用于在危险废物（危废）被转运至专业处理单位前，确保其安全、合规暂存，防止环境污染和人身危害。危险废物通常具有毒性、腐蚀性、易燃性、反应性或感染性等特性。

　　The medical waste temporary storage room is a standardized facility specifically designed for short-term storage of hazardous waste. It is used to ensure the safe and compliant temporary storage of hazardous waste (hazardous waste) before it is transported to professional processing units, preventing environmental pollution and personal harm. Hazardous waste typically has characteristics such as toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, reactivity, or infectivity.

　　危废品暂存间

　　Temporary storage room for hazardous waste

　　危化品暂存间

　　Temporary storage room for hazardous chemicals

　　核心功能

　　core functionality

　　安全隔离：防止危废泄漏、挥发或与其他物质反应引发事故。

　　Safety isolation: prevent accidents caused by hazardous waste leakage, volatilization, or reaction with other substances.

　　污染防控：通过防渗、防漏等措施避免土壤、地下水及大气污染。

　　Pollution prevention and control: Prevent soil, groundwater, and air pollution through measures such as anti-seepage and leak prevention.

　　分类管理：按危废种类（如化学废液、废矿物油、废电池等）分区存放，避免交叉污染。

　　Classification management: Store hazardous waste in different zones according to their types (such as chemical waste liquid, waste mineral oil, waste batteries, etc.) to avoid cross contamination.

　　合规暂存：满足环保法规对危废贮存时限、包装、标识等要求。

　　Compliant temporary storage: meets the requirements of environmental regulations for hazardous waste storage time limits, packaging, labeling, etc.

　　设计要求：

　　Design requirements:

　　选址：远离敏感区域（居民区、水源地等），符合安全防护距离。

　　Site selection: Keep away from sensitive areas (residential areas, water sources, etc.) and comply with safety protection distances.

　　结构与材料：

　　Structure and Materials:

　　- 墙体/地面采用防腐、防渗材料（如环氧树脂涂层、高密度聚乙烯）。

　　-The walls/floors are made of anti-corrosion and anti-seepage materials (such as epoxy resin coating, high-density polyethylene).

　　- 设置围堰或导流沟，防止泄漏扩散。

　　-Set up cofferdams or diversion ditches to prevent leakage and spread.

　　通风系统：强制通风或负压设计，避免有害气体积聚；易燃危废间需防爆通风。

　　Ventilation system: forced ventilation or negative pressure design to avoid the accumulation of harmful gases; Flammable hazardous waste rooms require explosion-proof ventilation.

　　危废品暂存间

　　Temporary storage room for hazardous waste

　　危废品暂存间

　　Temporary storage room for hazardous waste

　　安全设施：

　　Safety facilities:

　　- 防火（灭火器、消防沙）、防泄漏（吸附材料、应急池）。

　　-Fire prevention (fire extinguishers, fire sand), leak prevention (absorbent materials, emergency pools).

　　- 视频监控、温湿度监测及报警装置。

　　-Video surveillance, temperature and humidity monitoring, and alarm devices.

　　标识标牌：明确“危险废物”警示标识、废物类别标签及应急处置措施。

　　Identification signs: Clearly indicate warning signs for "hazardous waste", waste category labels, and emergency response measures.

　　管理要求

　　Management requirements

　　分类存放：不同危废分区存放，包装容器完好（如防渗桶、专用袋）。

　　Classified storage: Store hazardous waste in different zones, with intact packaging containers (such as impermeable buckets and specialized bags).

　　台账记录：详细记录危废来源、种类、数量、贮存时间及转移联单信息。

　　Ledger records: Detailed records of hazardous waste sources, types, quantities, storage times, and transfer manifest information.

　　时限控制：贮存周期通常不超过1年（具体以当地法规为准）。

　　Time limit control: The storage period usually does not exceed 1 year (subject to local regulations).

　　人员培训：操作人员需掌握安全防护、应急处理及法规知识。

　　Personnel training: Operators need to master safety protection, emergency response, and regulatory knowledge.

　　应急预案：配备泄漏处理工具、个人防护装备，定期演练应急流程。

　　Emergency plan: equipped with leak handling tools, personal protective equipment, and regularly practicing emergency procedures.

　　法规依据

　　legal basis

　　中国：《危险废物贮存污染控制标准》（GB 18597-2023）、《国家危险废物名录》。

　　China: "Pollution Control Standards for Hazardous Waste Storage" (GB 18597-2023) and "National List of Hazardous Waste".

　　国际参考：美国EPA《资源保护与回收法》（RCRA）、欧盟《废物框架指令》。

　　International references: US EPA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), EU Waste Framework Directive.

　　总结

　　summary

　　危废暂存间是危废管理链条的关键环节，需通过科学设计、严格管理实现环境风险最小化。其建设与运营需严格遵守属地法规，确保从暂存到处置的全流程可追溯、可管控。

　　The hazardous waste temporary storage room is a key link in the hazardous waste management chain, which requires scientific design and strict management to minimize environmental risks. Its construction and operation must strictly comply with local regulations to ensure traceability and controllability of the entire process from temporary storage to disposal.

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