看了《江苏省实验室危险废物环境管理指南》、《DB 3201T 1168-2023 实验室危险废物污染防治技术规范》，很有感触，对于一些先前法规标准未提及的内容开始逐渐有清晰的管理要求，文军说实验室安全分享一下学习心得，欢迎各位实验室安全同仁交流。

　　After reading the "Jiangsu Province Laboratory Hazardous Waste Environmental Management Guidelines" and the "DB 3201T 1168-2023 Laboratory Hazardous Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Technical Specifications", I have a lot of insights. For some content that was not mentioned in previous regulations and standards, there are gradually clear management requirements. Wen Jun said that laboratory safety shares his learning experience and welcomes colleagues in laboratory safety to exchange ideas.

　　1、实验室产生的废镉镍电池、荧光粉和阴极射线管危险废物代码为900-044-49。

　　1. The hazardous waste code for waste cadmium nickel batteries, fluorescent powders, and cathode ray tubes generated in the laboratory is 900-044-49.

　　2、实验室废气治理中产生的废活性炭危险废物代码为900-039-49。

　　2. The hazardous waste code for waste activated carbon generated in laboratory waste gas treatment is 900-039-49.

　　3、危险废物在实验室内部贮存点最大贮存量不得超过0.1吨，在建筑内部单个贮存点最大贮存量不得超过0.5吨，在建筑外部单个贮存点最大贮存量不得超过3吨。实验室内部贮存点单个容器盛满后，贮存时间不应超过7天。废弃危险化学品和含氰废液在贮存点存放时间不应超过30天。其他实验室危险废物在贮存点存放时间不应超过90天。

　　3. The maximum storage capacity of hazardous waste at internal storage points in the laboratory shall not exceed 0.1 tons, the maximum storage capacity at a single storage point inside the building shall not exceed 0.5 tons, and the maximum storage capacity at a single storage point outside the building shall not exceed 3 tons. After a single container is filled in the internal storage point of the laboratory, the storage time should not exceed 7 days. Waste hazardous chemicals and cyanide containing waste liquids should not be stored for more than 30 days at the storage site. Hazardous waste from other laboratories should not be stored in the storage area for more than 90 days.

　　文军说实验室安全解读：

　　Wenjun explains laboratory safety:

　　1）实验室内部贮存点，对应实验室危险废物暂存区域。

　　1) Internal storage point in the laboratory, corresponding to the temporary storage area for hazardous waste in the laboratory.

　　2）建筑内部单个贮存点，对应实验室危险废物暂存间（危废间）。

　　2) A single storage point inside the building corresponds to a laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage room (hazardous waste room).

　　3）建筑外部单个贮存点，对应实验室危险废物暂存库（危废库）。

　　3) A single storage point outside the building corresponds to a laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage warehouse (hazardous waste warehouse).

　　4、关于实验室内部贮存点（实验室危险废物暂存区域）危险废物存放时间

　　4. Regarding the storage time of hazardous waste in the internal storage point of the laboratory (temporary storage area for hazardous waste in the laboratory)

　　1）实验室内部贮存点单个容器盛满后，贮存时间不应超过7天。

　　1) After a single container is filled in the internal storage point of the laboratory, the storage time should not exceed 7 days.

　　文军说实验室安全解读：北京市地标《DB11/T 1368-2016 实验室危险废物污染防治技术规范》7.4 暂存区内的危险废物原则上应日产日清，最长不应超过30天，没有体积单个容器盛满后的最长贮存时间，这里明确提及7天给出了参考建议，对于仪器室文军说实验室安全建议收集满1桶应及时转移到单位实验室危废暂存库（间）。

　　Wen Jun explained laboratory safety: According to the landmark "DB11/T 1368-2016 Technical Specification for Prevention and Control of Laboratory Hazardous Waste Pollution" in Beijing, hazardous waste in the temporary storage area should be cleared daily, with a maximum storage time of 30 days. The maximum storage time for a single container without volume should not exceed 7 days. Here, a reference suggestion is provided for 7 days. For the instrument room, Wen Jun suggested that laboratory safety should collect one full bucket and transfer it to the unit laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage warehouse (room) in a timely manner.

　　2）废弃危险化学品和含氰废液在实验室危险废物暂存区域存放时间不应超过30天。

　　2) Waste hazardous chemicals and cyanide containing waste liquids should not be stored in the laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage area for more than 30 days.

　　3）其他实验室危险废物在贮存点存放时间不应超过90天。

　　3) Hazardous waste from other laboratories should not be stored in the storage area for more than 90 days.

　　文军说实验室安全解读：其他实验室危险废物，如固体废弃物，如空试剂瓶、沾染危险化学品的胶体、玻璃塑料器具、PPE等在实验室危险废物暂存区域存放时间不应超过90天。

　　Wen Jun explained laboratory safety: Other laboratory hazardous waste, such as solid waste such as empty reagent bottles, colloids contaminated with hazardous chemicals, glass and plastic utensils, PPE, etc., should not be stored in the laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage area for more than 90 days.

　　4）《GBT 31190-2014 实验室废弃化学品收集技术规范》

　　4) GBT 31190-2014 Technical Specification for Collection of Laboratory Waste Chemicals

　　7.5 当实验室废弃化学品装满贮存设施容量的3/4时，应及时申请清运、处理。不明成分的实验室废弃化学品在成分确定前不得贮存在 WAA 区域。

　　When the laboratory waste chemicals are filled to 3/4 of the storage facility capacity, timely application for removal and disposal should be made. Laboratory waste chemicals with unknown components shall not be stored in the WAA area until their composition is determined.

　　5）《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》

　　5) Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China

　　第八十一条 从事收集、贮存、利用、处置危险废物经营活动的单位，贮存危险废物不得超过一年；确需延长期限的，应当报生态环境主管部门批准。

　　Article 81: Units engaged in the collection, storage, utilization, and disposal of hazardous waste shall not store hazardous waste for more than one year; If it is necessary to extend the deadline, approval should be obtained from the competent department of ecological environment.

　　7、贮存点贮存的危险废物应置于容器或包装物中，不应直接散堆。存放液态危险废物时，需采取防渗漏措施，将容器置于托盘中。存放两种及以上不相容液态危险废物时，应分类分区存放，且不得共用泄露液体收集装置。[文军说实验室安全解读：实验室危险废物暂存区域应建立实验室危险废物投放登记表]

　　7. The hazardous waste stored at the storage point should be placed in containers or packaging materials and should not be directly scattered. When storing liquid hazardous waste, anti leakage measures should be taken by placing the container on a pallet. When storing two or more incompatible liquid hazardous wastes, they should be classified and stored in separate areas, and the leakage liquid collection device should not be shared. [Wen Jun explains laboratory safety: A registration form for hazardous waste disposal should be established in the temporary storage area of laboratory hazardous waste.]

　　8、贮存点应建立投放登记制度，每一个收集容器对应一份投放记录表，记录投放时间、投放主要化学物质、投放人等信息，鼓励使用电子投放记录表，投放记录表应作为台账至少保存五年。[文军说实验室安全解读：实验室危险废物暂存区域应建立实验室危险废物投放登记表]

　　8. Storage points should establish a registration system for delivery, with each collection container corresponding to a delivery record form, recording information such as delivery time, main chemical substances delivered, and delivery personnel. The use of electronic delivery record forms is encouraged, and they should be kept as a ledger for at least five years. [Wen Jun explains laboratory safety: A registration form for hazardous waste disposal should be established in the temporary storage area of laboratory hazardous waste.]

　　9、实验室危险废物在内部转运时，应至少2名实验室管理人员参与转运并符合《危险废物收集贮存运输技术规范》(HJ2025-2012)有关收集和内部转运作业要求。[文军说实验室安全解读：实验室危险废物转运是危险性作业，存在化学品泄漏引发的化学灼伤、火灾、爆炸、中毒、环境污染等事故风险，要求至少2人在场，一人作业，一人监护]

　　9. When hazardous waste is transported internally in the laboratory, at least 2 laboratory management personnel should participate in the transportation and comply with the collection and internal transportation requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Collection, Storage, and Transportation of Hazardous Waste" (HJ2025-2012). [Interpretation of Laboratory Safety by Wen Jun: The transportation of hazardous waste in the laboratory is a hazardous operation that poses risks of chemical burns, fires, explosions, poisoning, environmental pollution, and other accidents caused by chemical leaks. At least 2 people are required to be present, with one person working and one person supervising.]

　　10、应建立实验室危险废物管理台账，如实记录产生实验室危险废物的种类、数量、流向、贮存、处置等情况，在江苏省固体废物管理系统内申报有关信息或纳入小量危险废物集中收集体系。实验室外部贮存点需配备专人管理，并以实验室为单位做好台账记录。鼓励使用物联网技术对实验室危险废物环境管理信息进行实时记录。

　　10. A laboratory hazardous waste management ledger should be established to truthfully record the types, quantities, flow directions, storage, disposal, and other situations of hazardous waste generated in the laboratory. Relevant information should be declared in the Jiangsu solid waste management system or included in the centralized collection system for small amounts of hazardous waste. The external storage point of the laboratory needs to be managed by a dedicated person, and a ledger should be kept for each laboratory unit. Encourage the use of IoT technology for real-time recording of laboratory hazardous waste environmental management information.

　　11、实验室产生废弃剧毒、易制毒、易制爆等危险化学品时，还应当向所在地公安机关报告，按照其规定的方式进行预处理、运输、贮存、处置。产生废弃医用麻醉药品时，应当向所在地卫生健康主管部门提出报损申请,并在所在地卫生健康主管部门监督下进行销毁，残留物按照医疗废物管理。产生废弃兽用麻醉药品时，所有者应当向所在地农业农村主管部门报告，按照规定进行预处理、运输、贮存、处置。

　　11. When hazardous chemicals such as highly toxic, easily producible drugs, and easily producible explosives are generated in the laboratory, they should also be reported to the local public security organs for pre-treatment, transportation, storage, and disposal in accordance with their regulations. When producing discarded medical anesthetics, an application for loss reporting should be submitted to the local health authority, and the waste should be destroyed under the supervision of the local health authority. The residue should be managed as medical waste. When producing waste veterinary anesthetics, the owner shall report to the local agricultural and rural competent department and carry out pre-treatment, transportation, storage, and disposal in accordance with regulations.

　　12、多个实验室共用的贮存点应配备专人管理，并以实验室为单位做好台账记录。[文军说实验室安全解读：实验室危险废物通常建议分散贮存，及时转运到实验室危险废物暂存库（间），如因特殊情况，多个实验室共用实验室危险废物暂存区域，简单说是其他实验室的危险废物也投放到某一约定实验室危险废物暂存区域，应配备专人管理，像数百平的大开间，也会遇到此类情况。]

　　12. Storage points shared by multiple laboratories should be managed by dedicated personnel and recorded on a laboratory by laboratory basis. [Interpretation of Laboratory Safety by Wen Jun: Laboratory hazardous waste is usually recommended to be stored in a dispersed manner and promptly transferred to the laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage warehouse (room). If, due to special circumstances, multiple laboratories share the laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage area, in other words, hazardous waste from other laboratories is also placed in a designated laboratory hazardous waste temporary storage area, it should be managed by a dedicated person. Similar situations may also occur in large open rooms of hundreds of square meters.]

　　通常建议，以实验室房间为单位在各自实验室区域设置实验室危险废物暂存区域，如确有需要多个实验室或大开间共用实验室危险废物暂存区域，文军说实验室安全认为目前有2个做法：

　　It is usually recommended to set up temporary storage areas for laboratory hazardous waste in each laboratory area based on the laboratory room. If there is a need for multiple laboratories or large open rooms to share the temporary storage area for laboratory hazardous waste, Wen Jun said that laboratory safety believes there are currently two practices:

　　1是以独立的实验室房间或课题组为单元，各自实验室产生的危险废物，各自分开收集，设置多个危险废物收集容器或包装物，专人负责，建立实验室危险废物投放登记表，建立实验室危险废物台账。[缺点：废液桶数量多，占空间多；优点：便于管理，减少不相容危险废物误混合收集风险]

　　1. The hazardous waste generated by each independent laboratory room or research group is collected separately, and multiple hazardous waste collection containers or packaging materials are set up. A dedicated person is responsible for establishing a laboratory hazardous waste disposal registration form and a laboratory hazardous waste ledger. [Disadvantages: Large number of waste liquid tanks, taking up more space; Advantages: Easy to manage, reducing the risk of mixing and collecting incompatible hazardous waste]

　　2是设置共用危险废物收集容器和包装物，大家都可以往里面投放产生的危废，须要对相关师生进行针对性培训和监督，确实做到危险废物分类收集、分区贮存，严禁不相容危险废物混合收集。[缺点：存在混合收集不相容危险废物导致事故的潜在风险；优点：减少废液桶数量，占空间少]

　　2. It is necessary to set up shared hazardous waste collection containers and packaging materials, where everyone can dispose of the generated hazardous waste. Targeted training and supervision must be provided to relevant teachers and students to ensure that hazardous waste is collected and stored in different zones, and incompatible hazardous waste is strictly prohibited from being collected together. [Disadvantages: There is a potential risk of accidents caused by mixed collection of incompatible hazardous waste; Advantages: Reducing the number of waste liquid tanks and occupying less space]

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